Churchill

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Have been 2 or 3 days at Wallington. Saturday night’s blitz could easily be heard there – 45 miles distant.

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Fairly heavy raids last night, but only 1 plane brought down, so no doubt the rumours about a “secret weapon” are all baloney.

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A depth charge attack under way in the Atlantic, as seen from one of the destroyers supplied to Britain by the USA.

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The Battlship HMS Barham which operated in the Mediterranean in 1941.

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German Propaganda Minister Josef Goebbels in late January 1941, during a course on propaganda for military leaders.

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The cold bleak Battle of the Atlantic was also a battle of tonnages and other statistics, which were closely monitored by the Royal Navy and at the highest levels of Government. Britain's ability to keep fighting was at stake.

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Harry Hopkins on his way to visit Britain, January 1941. He became even more sure of the need for support for Britain, he was highly influential in developing the Lend Lease policy which enable Britain to keep fighting.

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The Italian Offensive 1940 - 1941: British troops, sitting on captured Italian motorcycles, read copies of the congratulatory telegram sent to all units after their victory by the Secretary of State for War, Mr Anthony Eden.

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The lookout maintains a constant from a destroyer escorting a convoy.

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Neville Chamberlain at Munich in 1938

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Sound locator crew working with search lights during the Blitz

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Anti aircraft guns in London during the Blitz

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As soon as the air-raids began seriously it was noticeable that people were much readier than before to talk to strangers in the street. . . . . This morning met a youth of about 20, in dirty overalls, perhaps a garage hand.  Very embittered and defeatist about the war, and horrified by the destruction he had seen in South London.  He said that Churchill had visited the bombed area near the Elephant[1] and at a spot where 20 out of 22 houses had been destroyed, remarked that it was “not so bad”.  The youth: “I’d have wrung his bloody neck if he’d said it to me.” He was pessimistic about the war, considered Hitler was sure to win and would reduce London to much the same state as Warsaw.  He spoke bitterly about the people rendered homeless in South London and eagerly took up my point when I said the empty houses in the West End should be requisitioned for them.  He considered that all wars were fought for the profit of the rich, but agreed with me that this one would probably end in revolution.  With all this he was not unpatriotic.  Part of his grouch was that he had tried to join the Air Force 4 times in the last 6 months, and always been put off.

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Air-raid alarms now frequent enough, and lasting long enough, for people habitually to forget whether the alarm is on at the moment, or whether the All Clear has sounded.  Noise of bombs and gunfire, except when very close (which probably means within two miles) now accepted as a normal background to sleep or conversation.  I have still not heard a bomb go off with the sort of bang that makes you feel you are personally involved.

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At the beginning of the war Air Raid Wardens were often seen as unnecessarily officious and interfering. Attitudes changed as the bombing became more intense and there were eventually nearly 1.4 million voluntary unpaid wardens.

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On 28th August 1940 Churchill visited Dover to see for himself the town that was under repeated air attack as well as shelling from the French coast.

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A local authority notice announcing the availability of Anderson Shelters.

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A Wellington bomber makes a practice low level attack on an RAF airfield. Bomber crew were included in Churchill's famous speech praising "the few".

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The italian Flag flies over the former British Governor's bomb damaged residence.

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Armoured cars and tanks from Britain's mobile defence on exercise 'somewhere in Britain' during 1940. The unit insignia have been covered by the censor.

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